**Historical Development of Privacy Policies**:
– Council of Europe and OECD studies in the late 1960s on technology and personal information.
– Introduction of Convention 108 in 1981 for data protection.
– Enactment of privacy laws in Sweden, West Germany, France, and the US.
– Fair Credit Reporting Act in response to privacy concerns.
– Establishment of the Safe Harbor Program by the US Department of Commerce in 2001.
**Current Enforcement and Applicable Laws**:
– Introduction of the Data Protection Directive by the EU in 1995.
– FTC’s Fair Information Principles in 1995.
– Enforcement of privacy policies through FTC Act and class action lawsuits.
– Federal laws governing privacy policies in specific circumstances in the US.
– Specific laws like COPPA, Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, HIPAA, CCPA, and CPRA regulating privacy practices.
**International Privacy Policy Regulations**:
– PIPEDA in Canada, European Convention on Human Rights, and OECD Recommendations.
– Privacy Act of 1988 in Australia and its National Privacy Principles.
– Information Technology (Amendment) Act in India and its privacy policy requirements.
– Overview of global privacy policy regulations and laws in different countries and regions.
– Impact of acts like GLBA, CCPA, and European data protection laws.
**Online Privacy Certification and Technical Implementation**:
– Industry self-regulation through programs like TRUSTArc and other seal programs.
– Use of P3P and ICRA for privacy policy referencing and assessment.
– Challenges and limitations in the technical implementation of privacy policies.
– Criticism, suggestions for improvement, and handling of negative information.
– Compliance monitoring and requirements of online privacy certification programs.
**Consumer Perception and Evaluation of Privacy Policies**:
– Concerns about privacy policies’ precision, transparency, and consumer understanding.
– Consumer perception of privacy policies and their impact on decision-making.
– Research using natural language processing and deep learning to evaluate privacy policies.
– Efforts to simplify privacy policy information while ensuring transparency.
– Studies on the impact of online trust, website credibility, and consumer behavior related to privacy policies.
A privacy policy is a statement or legal document (in privacy law) that discloses some or all of the ways a party gathers, uses, discloses, and manages a customer or client's data. Personal information can be anything that can be used to identify an individual, not limited to the person's name, address, date of birth, marital status, contact information, ID issue, and expiry date, financial records, credit information, medical history, where one travels, and intentions to acquire goods and services. In the case of a business, it is often a statement that declares a party's policy on how it collects, stores, and releases personal information it collects. It informs the client what specific information is collected, and whether it is kept confidential, shared with partners, or sold to other firms or enterprises. Privacy policies typically represent a broader, more generalized treatment, as opposed to data use statements, which tend to be more detailed and specific.
The exact contents of a certain privacy policy will depend upon the applicable law and may need to address requirements across geographical boundaries and legal jurisdictions. Most countries have own legislation and guidelines of who is covered, what information can be collected, and what it can be used for. In general, data protection laws in Europe cover the private sector, as well as the public sector. Their privacy laws apply not only to government operations but also to private enterprises and commercial transactions.
- For Wiktionary's privacy policy, see wikimedia:Privacy policy.
English
Etymology
- privacy + policy
Noun
privacy policy (plural privacy policies)
- (law) A statement detailing policies that an organization or party uses to collect or hide information about an end user or customer of the organization, particularly where it concerns private information.